A brief of Internet history time line
Early research and development:
• 1961 – Submitted the First packet-switching papers
• 1966 – Merit Network founded
• 1966 – ARPANET planning starts
• 1969 – ARPANET carries its first packets
• 1970 – Mark I network atNPL (UK)
• 1970 – Network Information Center (NIC)
• 1971 – Merit Network’s packet-switched network operational
• 1971 – Tymnet packet-switched network
• 1972 – Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) established
• 1973 – CYCLADES network demonstrated
• 1974 – Telenet packet-switched network
• 1976 – X.25 protocol approved
• 1978 – Minitel introduced
• 1979 – Internet Activities Board (IAB)
• 1980 – USENET news usingUUCP
• 1980 – Ethernet standard introduced
• 1981 – BITNET established
Merging the networks and creating the Internet:
• 1981 – Computer Science Network (CSNET)
• 1982 – TCP/IP protocol suite formalized
• 1982 – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• 1983 – Domain Name System (DNS)
• 1983 – MILNET split off from ARPANET
• 1985 – First .COM domain name registered
• 1986 – NSFNET with 56 kbit/s links
• 1986 – Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• 1987 – UUNET founded
• 1988 – NSFNET upgraded to 1.5 Mbit/s (T1)
• 1988 – OSI Reference Model released
• 1988 – Morris worm
• 1989 – Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
• 1989 – PSINet founded, allows commercial traffic
• 1989 – Federal Internet Exchanges (FIXes)
• 1990 – GOSIP (without TCP/IP)
• 1990 – ARPANET decommissioned
• 1990 – Advanced Network and Services (ANS)
• 1990 – UUNET/Alternet allows commercial traffic
• 1990 – Archie search engine
• 1991 – Wide area information server (WAIS)
• 1991 – Gopher
• 1991 – Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX)
• 1991 – ANS CO+RE allows commercial traffic
• 1991 – World Wide Web(WWW)
• 1992 – NSFNET upgraded to 45 Mbit/s (T3)
• 1992 – Internet Society(ISOC) established
• 1993 – Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
• 1993 – InterNIC established
• 1993 – Mosaic web browser released
• 1994 – Full text web search engines
• 1994 – North American Network Operators’ Group(NANOG) established
Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:
• 1995 – New Internet architecture with commercialISPs connected at NAPs
• 1995 – NSFNET decommissioned
• 1995 – GOSIP updated to allow TCP/IP
• 1995 – very high-speed Backbone Network Service(vBNS)
• 1995 – IPv6 proposed
• 1998 – Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
• 1999 – IEEE 802.11bwireless networking
• 1999 – Internet2/Abilene Network
• 1999 – vBNS+ allows broader access
• 2000 – Dot-com bubblebursts
• 2001 – New top-level domain names activated
• 2001 – Code Red I, Code Red II, and Nimda worms
• 2003 – UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) phase I
• 2003 – National LambdaRailfounded
• 2004 – UN Working Group on Internet Governance (WGIG)
• 2005 – UN WSIS phase II
• 2006 – First meeting of the Internet Governance Forum
• 2010 – First internationalized country code top-level domains registered
• 2012 – ICANN begins accepting applications for new generic top-level domain names
Internet Giants:
• 1990 – IMDb Internet movie database
• 1995 – Amazon.com online retailer
• 1995 – eBay online auction and shopping
• 1995 – Craigslist classified advertisements
• 1996 – Hotmail free web-based e-mail
• 1997 – Babel Fishautomatic translation
• 1998 – Google Search
• 1998 – Yahoo! Clubs (now Yahoo! Groups)
• 1998 – PayPal Internet payment system
• 1999 – Napster peer-to-peer file sharing
• 2001 – BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing
• 2001 – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• 2003 – LinkedIn business networking
• 2003 – Myspace social networking site
• 2003 – Skype Internet voice calls
• 2003 – iTunes Store
• 2003 – 4Chan Anonymous image-based bulletin board
• 2003 – The Pirate Bay, torrent file host
• 2004 – Facebook social networking site
• 2004 – Podcast media file series
• 2004 – Flickr image hosting
• 2005 – YouTube video sharing
• 2005 – Reddit link voting
• 2005 – Google Earth virtual globe
• 2006 – Twitter microblogging
• 2007 – WikiLeaks anonymous news and information leaks
• 2007 – Google Street View
• 2007 – Kindle, e-book reader and virtual bookshop
• 2008 – Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• 2008 – Dropbox cloud-based file hosting
• 2008 – Encyclopedia of Life, a collaborative encyclopedia intended to document all living species
• 2008 – Spotify, a DRM-based music streaming service
• 2009 – Bing search engine
• 2009 – Google Docs, Web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service
• 2009 – Kickstarter, athreshold pledge system
• 2011 – Google+ social networking
Early research and development:
• 1961 – Submitted the First packet-switching papers
• 1966 – Merit Network founded
• 1966 – ARPANET planning starts
• 1969 – ARPANET carries its first packets
• 1970 – Mark I network atNPL (UK)
• 1970 – Network Information Center (NIC)
• 1971 – Merit Network’s packet-switched network operational
• 1971 – Tymnet packet-switched network
• 1972 – Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) established
• 1973 – CYCLADES network demonstrated
• 1974 – Telenet packet-switched network
• 1976 – X.25 protocol approved
• 1978 – Minitel introduced
• 1979 – Internet Activities Board (IAB)
• 1980 – USENET news usingUUCP
• 1980 – Ethernet standard introduced
• 1981 – BITNET established
Merging the networks and creating the Internet:
• 1981 – Computer Science Network (CSNET)
• 1982 – TCP/IP protocol suite formalized
• 1982 – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• 1983 – Domain Name System (DNS)
• 1983 – MILNET split off from ARPANET
• 1985 – First .COM domain name registered
• 1986 – NSFNET with 56 kbit/s links
• 1986 – Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• 1987 – UUNET founded
• 1988 – NSFNET upgraded to 1.5 Mbit/s (T1)
• 1988 – OSI Reference Model released
• 1988 – Morris worm
• 1989 – Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
• 1989 – PSINet founded, allows commercial traffic
• 1989 – Federal Internet Exchanges (FIXes)
• 1990 – GOSIP (without TCP/IP)
• 1990 – ARPANET decommissioned
• 1990 – Advanced Network and Services (ANS)
• 1990 – UUNET/Alternet allows commercial traffic
• 1990 – Archie search engine
• 1991 – Wide area information server (WAIS)
• 1991 – Gopher
• 1991 – Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX)
• 1991 – ANS CO+RE allows commercial traffic
• 1991 – World Wide Web(WWW)
• 1992 – NSFNET upgraded to 45 Mbit/s (T3)
• 1992 – Internet Society(ISOC) established
• 1993 – Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
• 1993 – InterNIC established
• 1993 – Mosaic web browser released
• 1994 – Full text web search engines
• 1994 – North American Network Operators’ Group(NANOG) established
Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:
• 1995 – New Internet architecture with commercialISPs connected at NAPs
• 1995 – NSFNET decommissioned
• 1995 – GOSIP updated to allow TCP/IP
• 1995 – very high-speed Backbone Network Service(vBNS)
• 1995 – IPv6 proposed
• 1998 – Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
• 1999 – IEEE 802.11bwireless networking
• 1999 – Internet2/Abilene Network
• 1999 – vBNS+ allows broader access
• 2000 – Dot-com bubblebursts
• 2001 – New top-level domain names activated
• 2001 – Code Red I, Code Red II, and Nimda worms
• 2003 – UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) phase I
• 2003 – National LambdaRailfounded
• 2004 – UN Working Group on Internet Governance (WGIG)
• 2005 – UN WSIS phase II
• 2006 – First meeting of the Internet Governance Forum
• 2010 – First internationalized country code top-level domains registered
• 2012 – ICANN begins accepting applications for new generic top-level domain names
Internet Giants:
• 1990 – IMDb Internet movie database
• 1995 – Amazon.com online retailer
• 1995 – eBay online auction and shopping
• 1995 – Craigslist classified advertisements
• 1996 – Hotmail free web-based e-mail
• 1997 – Babel Fishautomatic translation
• 1998 – Google Search
• 1998 – Yahoo! Clubs (now Yahoo! Groups)
• 1998 – PayPal Internet payment system
• 1999 – Napster peer-to-peer file sharing
• 2001 – BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing
• 2001 – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• 2003 – LinkedIn business networking
• 2003 – Myspace social networking site
• 2003 – Skype Internet voice calls
• 2003 – iTunes Store
• 2003 – 4Chan Anonymous image-based bulletin board
• 2003 – The Pirate Bay, torrent file host
• 2004 – Facebook social networking site
• 2004 – Podcast media file series
• 2004 – Flickr image hosting
• 2005 – YouTube video sharing
• 2005 – Reddit link voting
• 2005 – Google Earth virtual globe
• 2006 – Twitter microblogging
• 2007 – WikiLeaks anonymous news and information leaks
• 2007 – Google Street View
• 2007 – Kindle, e-book reader and virtual bookshop
• 2008 – Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• 2008 – Dropbox cloud-based file hosting
• 2008 – Encyclopedia of Life, a collaborative encyclopedia intended to document all living species
• 2008 – Spotify, a DRM-based music streaming service
• 2009 – Bing search engine
• 2009 – Google Docs, Web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service
• 2009 – Kickstarter, athreshold pledge system
• 2011 – Google+ social networking
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